Innovation strategy provides a clear direction and focuses the effort of the entire organization on a common innovation goal. This study seeks to investigate the innovation strategies adopted by telecommunication service providers for competitive advantage in Kenya with special focus on Airtel Kenya. This research problem is studied through the use of descriptive research design. The target population for this study is the 68 employees of Airtel Kenya at the head office in Nairobi and 100 customer of Airtel Kenya. Stratified random sampling and purposive random sampling techniques were used to select the sample size of 158 respondents since the population of interest is not homogeneous and could be divided into three strata namely; top, middle and low level management. Primary and secondary data is gathered. Primary data was collected by administering survey questionnaires and interview schedules whiles secondary data is gathered from inside the company, libraries, annual reports, published data etc. Qualitative data was analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics using SPSS (version 20). Chi Square was used to test the hypothesis. Content analysis was used to test data that is qualitative in nature, whiles ANOVA was used to test the level of significance of the variables. In addition, the study conducted a multiple regression analysis to generate quantitative reports through tabulations, percentages, and measures of central tendency. The study established that technological innovation strategies, product innovation strategies, marketing innovation strategies, and process innovation strategies had significant influence effect competitive advantage of Airtel Kenya Limited. The study concludes that technological innovation strategies, product innovation strategies, marketing innovation strategies, and process innovation strategies all had a positive influence on competitive advantage of Airtel Kenya Limited. The study recomends that; It is very crucial for the telecommunication firms to keep innovating by investing heavily in the research and development in order to overcome the challenge of an improved innovative and efficient product for the consumers. Therefore, firms should continually invest in new technology or new product, market innovation and process innovation strategies so as to ensure insure profitability for themselves.

Information communication technology (ICT) is a major drive in global economies. It has been used in most sectors of the world economies. In most developed countries it is yet to be optimally incorporated in the education sectors as a tool for Education management. The purpose of this qualitative study was geared towards establishing management related challenges that inhibit the integration of ICT into secondary schools financial accounting systems in Kenya, taking North rift region of rift valley as case. The study sampled 60 from the targeted 1200 schools and by extension, the respondent using purposive sampling technique. Generic qualitative design and interpretive research methodology were adopted. Data was collected using interviews, observations, documentary analysis and structured questionnaires. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented using frequency tables, percentages and bar graphs. The findings showed that the major managerial challenges included among others; secondary schools’ leadership ignorance of ICT policy in education, absence of ICT strategy, ineffective co-ordination between government officials at lower levels and school managers, institutional leadership little understanding of ICT in relation to financial management, schools limited capacity to plan and implement ICT integration and capital and operational cost and budgetary constraints in ICT integrations. Based on these findings it was recommended that hardware and software resources should be cost shared between schools and government. As was discovered in this study, high capital and operational cost of hardware is a big challenge that can impede ICT integration into secondary school accounting systems

Disasters entails factors that are coupled with naturally occurring hazards such as droughts floods, fire, war, terrorism, HIV/AIDS, landslides and epidemic outbreak among others which are risks to human life. Disaster management is the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies, in particular preparedness, response, and recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters. It usually refers to the management of natural catastrophes such as fire, flooding, or earthquakes. Related techniques for disasters management include crisis management, contingency management, and risk management. Developing an Information for disaster and risk management in universities of Kenya is framed within an environment where senior managers in the university need to integrate with low level staff as they face the pressure to professionalize; explore the world of risk, trust, and the distribution of power to allow confrontation and flow of information as they gather daily intelligence on acts of disasters. Unfortunately this objective has not been realized in public universities. Deficiency in the study of developing an information for disaster and risk management may exist because of the vicarious involvement of the field study option which is not available to researchers in times of disasters. Determining how information flow among organization, before, during and after disasters leads to new paradigms sound decisions disaster and risk management practices. This paper aims on the need to develop Information for disaster and risk management in public universities of Kenya. The specific objectives are ; assess the status and structures of developing Information for disaster management in public universities ; Identify types of information and services for disaster and risk management in public universities of Kenya; Assess policies and programmes that addresses establishment of information for disaster preparedness and mitigations in Kenya ; Find out personnel responsible to managing an Information for disaster and risk management

Biomass is one of the main sources of energy in Kenya accounting for over 68% of the total primary energy consumption. The continued dependency on biomass energy has resulted to land degradation, deforestation, drought and famine. The adoption and continued use of biogas energy technologies within the developed and developing countries is of great social, economic and environmental benefit. Although the positive benefits of using biogas is clear, in Africa and Kenya the households’ biogas adoption level is low. The main purpose of this study was to analyze social, economic factors that influence adoption of biogas energy among farm households in Nandi, Uasin-Gishu and Trans-Nzoia counties in North Rift region of Kenya. The target population was all the farm households in the three counties. The study employed farm household multistage research design mainly cluster, and simple random sampling techniques to get a sample size of 295 respondents for the study. Farm households were used as units for analysis. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Logit model was used to estimate the parameters of the regression model. The results indicated that: social-economic factors were significant determinants of adoption of biogas technology (p – value 0.0000 < 0. 05) for all variables in North Rift region of Kenya. From the study findings, the following recommendations are drawn: Firstly government and other stakeholders should design policies that encourage the use of sustainable energy sources such as biogas. Secondly, incentives and provision of subsidies in terms of financial support should be given to households to acquire biogas devices. Thirdly households should be educated on benefits of using biogas. Government should also ensure efficient extension services in the study area by organizing workshops, trainings and make provisions to facilitate extension personnel involved in biogas adoption programs.